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Staff Publications

Strategies to Reduce Fiscal Impacts of Legislation

Fiscal notes estimate the fiscal impact of legislation, including revenue impacts, state expenditures, and appropriations required. However, fiscal notes are decision-making tools for legislators, and the General Assembly is ultimately responsible for making appropriations and setting aside the state funding needed to implement legislation. This memorandum outlines several common strategies used to limit the fiscal impact of legislation, primarily expenditure impacts, and discusses how these strategies are treated in fiscal notes.

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • General Assembly
  • State Government

Issue Briefs

A Snapshot of Colorado Agriculture

As one of the top agricultural states in the United States, Colorado agriculture generates approximately $47 billion annually in economic activity. Agriculture in Colorado is made up of about 30 million acres of farmland, with approximately 36,000 different farm operations, employing more than 195,000 people. This issue brief gives an overview of agriculture in Colorado, including the Colorado Proud label, the wine industry in the state, and a map showing the economic value of agriculture in each county.

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • Agriculture
  • Natural Resources & Environment

Staff Publications

2025 Higher Education and Tuition Forecast

This memorandum presents the 2025 Legislative Council Staff forecast for the state public institutions of higher education. The forecast provides projections of resident and nonresident full-time equivalent (FTE) student enrollment and College Opportunity Fund (COF) FTE enrollment for the current fiscal year (FY 2024-25) and budget year (FY 2025-26). The forecast also includes projected tuition revenue for FY 2024-25.

 
Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • Fiscal Policy & Taxes
  • Higher Education
  • State Revenue & Budget

Summary of Major Legislation

Summary of 2024 Energy and Natural Resources Legislation

During the 2024 legislative session, the General Assembly considered several measures related to natural resources and environment; including addressing oil and gas production, renewable energy, and sustainability.

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • Energy
  • Natural Resources & Environment

Staff Publications

Higher Education Enrollment and Tuition Revenue Forecast

This memorandum presents the 2024 Legislative Council Staff forecast for the state public institutions of higher education. The forecast provides projections of resident and nonresident full-time equivalent (FTE) student enrollment and College Opportunity Fund (COF) FTE enrollment for the current year (FY 2023-24) and budget year (FY 2024-25). The forecast also includes projected tuition revenue for FY 2023-24.

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • Fiscal Policy & Taxes
  • Higher Education
  • State Revenue & Budget


Tax Expenditure Evaluation

Early Childhood Educator Credit

Report No. 2025-TE3

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Office of the State Auditor
Subjects:
  • Children & Domestic Matters
  • Education & School Finance (Pre & K-12)
  • Fiscal Policy & Taxes

Summary of Major Legislation

Summary of 2024 Civil Law Legislation

During the 2024 legislative session, the General Assembly passed a number of measures related to civil law. Specifically, the legislature increased consumer protections, regulated debt-related services, allowed for attorney fees in land use decisions, revisited civil protection orders, and updated uniform laws.  

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • Civil Law
  • Courts & Judicial
  • General Assembly

Budget Related Publications

Economic Outlook Presentation March 2025

Legislative Council Staff economic outlook presentation to the Joint Budget Committee.

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • Fiscal Policy & Taxes
  • State Revenue & Budget

Session Related Publications

Senate Term Limits

Term Limit Information for Members of the Colorado State Senate

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • General Assembly
  • State Government


Budget Related Publications

2025 JBC Schedule

This is the Joint Budget Committee's schedule. Please check this document regularly for schedule updates.

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Joint Budget Committee Staff
Subjects:
  • State Revenue & Budget

Budget Related Publications

Forecast March 2025

Focus Colorado presents forecasts for the economy and state government revenue through FY 2026-27. Implications of the forecast for the state's General Fund budget and spending limit are described in the report's highlights and executive summary sections. The report is based on current law, legislation passed by the General Assembly affecting the forecast is described throughout the report.

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • Fiscal Policy & Taxes
  • State Revenue & Budget


Staff Publications

Colorado Motor Vehicle Law Resource Book

The Colorado Motor Vehicle Resource Book is intended to serve as a reference guide for information on the state's motor vehicle laws.  To view the Colorado Motor Vehicle Resource Book click here.

 
Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • Insurance
  • Transportation & Motor Vehicles

Staff Publications

Fiscal Note Reports (2023)

Fiscal Note Data Reports show the fiscal impact of all legislation currently pending before the General Assembly, based on the most recent published fiscal note.  Updated reports will be posted on this page approximately weekly during the legislative session.  After session, final data will be posted. 

The data reports are contained in an Excel spreadsheet with each report located on a separate tab.  Data in each report is in a sortable/filterable table.  Included reports include:

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • Fiscal Policy & Taxes
  • General Assembly
  • State Revenue & Budget


Staff Publications

New School Finance Formula in House Bill 24-1448

House Bill 24-1448 enacted a new school finance formula, to begin in FY 2025-26 and be phased in over a 6-year period. This memorandum provides an overview of the new formula, the six‑year phase‑in period, and the parameters that would result in pausing implementation of the new formula. It does not include provisions of HB24-1448 that are not directly related to the new formula, including changes to mill levy override limits, the mill levy override match program, and capital construction funding.

Release date:
Publishing Agency:
Legislative Council Staff
Subjects:
  • Education & School Finance (Pre & K-12)